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Lecturer(s)
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Noháč Karel, Doc. Ing. Ph.D.
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Dvorský Emil, Doc. Ing. CSc.
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Raková Lenka, Ing. Ph.D.
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Course content
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1. Principles of energy conversion in thermal power plants, transformation chains, efficiency comparison of steam production individual phases. 2. Rankine-Clausius (R-C) thermodynamic steam circle of power plants, calculation of its efficiency and its possible increase, necessary amount of operating substances, change of operating parameters, overheating of steam, regenerative heating of feed water. 3. Heating power station thermodynamic cycle, ORC, gas, combined and steam-gas cycles for electric power production. 4. Nuclear power plants and their thermodynamic cycles, types of nuclear reactors, principle of heat transfer from nuclear reactor. 5. Determination of cost and environmental flows in the power plant production system, operation of power plant blocks, their effective use to cover electricity consumption, regulation and management of thermal power plant operation. 6. Topology of power plant's electric part diagram . Electrical schemes of conventional, nuclear and hydro power plants. Concept of voltage levels, power output and self-consumption. 7. Separation of power plant's electric power own consumption and its characteristics for individual types of power plants. Sources of own consumption for usual operation, backup, run-out, emergency and secured conditions. Dimensioning of self-consumption sources power, its minimal required short-circuit power and control for start-up of large drives and drives groups. 8. Character of drives and other appliances in own consumption of power plants, selection of parameters for drives, determination of start-up time of the machine sets and control of warming during start-up. Specific ratios for unbalanced faults and self-consumption disturbances, plus the effect of transformer configuration on unbalance reduction. 9. Turbo-alternators and hydro-alternators of large block units, their specifics, cooling methods, basic measured characteristics and technical parameters. Mathematical model and phasor diagram of used synchronous machines. Produced power, parameters and behavior of alternator during basic transient events. 10. Alternator excitation systems and their main parameters. Independent and dependent excitation systems, rotation, static, classic and brushless alternator excitation systems. 11. Alternator field weakening systems - parallel resistor using, arc chamber and controlled inverter special regime methods. Design of alternator output connection to block transformer and encapsulated conductor concept. 12. Alternator start-up and phasing methods, their limit conditions and system of used automatics. Limiting operation area of the alternator with respect to active and reactive power, basic conditions and the criterion of stable operation by the alternator. 13. Alternator operation under non-standard synchronous conditions and asynchronous operation of alternator. Relationship with the control of the main electricity system, regulation of voltage, frequency and transferred power into connected network.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Laboratory work, Lecture
- Graduate study programme term essay (40-50)
- 40 hours per semester
- Contact hours
- 55 hours per semester
- Attendance on a field trip (number of real hours - maximum 8h/day)
- 3 hours per semester
- Preparation for an examination (30-60)
- 40 hours per semester
- Preparation for formative assessments (2-20)
- 5 hours per semester
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| prerequisite |
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| Skills |
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| orient in electrical and mechanical diagrams |
| calculate the basic steady-state parameters of steady state in electromagnetic and mechanical systems |
| Competences |
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| N/A |
| N/A |
| learning outcomes |
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| Knowledge |
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| define methods of alternators cooling |
| determine the delivered power of the synchronous alternator and its stability area |
| classify alternator excitation and excitation systems |
| compare alternator approach and phasing methods |
| define the working area of the turbo-alternator in terms of active and reactive power |
| determine the working conditions of the asynchronous operation of the synchronous generator |
| explain the basic principles of power system control, frequency and voltage regulation |
| Skills |
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| make energy balances of heat power stations, electricity price calculation and environmental pollution |
| calculate the thermal scheme of the power station and calculate the power efficiency of the single power stations loops |
| design the electric scheme of the power plant based on the application of theoretical knowledge |
| compile the power plant's own consumption into groups and calculate the necessary sizes of the self-consumption resources |
| determine starting time of the drives and check their warming |
| construct basic equations and phasor diagram of synchronous generator in steady state |
| Competences |
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| N/A |
| teaching methods |
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| Knowledge |
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| Lecture |
| Skills |
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| Practicum |
| Field trip |
| Competences |
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| Lecture |
| Practicum |
| assessment methods |
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| Knowledge |
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| Combined exam |
| Test |
| Skills |
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| Continuous assessment |
| Seminar work |
| Competences |
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| Combined exam |
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Recommended literature
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Beran, Miloš. Elektrická zařízení tepelných elektráren. 1. vyd. Plzeň : VŠSE, 1988.
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Dvorský, Emil; Hejtmánková, Pavla. Elektrárny : zvyšování účinnosti přeměn energie v tepelných elektrárnách : příklady. 1. vyd. Plzeň : ZČU, 1999. ISBN 80-7082-523-5.
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Dvorský, Emil; Hejtmánková, Pavla; Kocmich, Martin. Elektrárny : základy výroby elektrické energie : příklady. 1. vyd. Plzeň : Západočeská univerzita, 1994. ISBN 80-7082-133-7.
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Grigsby, Leonard L. Electric power generation, transmission, and distribution. 3rd ed. Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2012. ISBN 978-1-4398-5628-4.
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Horlock, J. H. Combined power plants : including combined cycle gas turbine plants. 1st ed. Oxford : Pergamon Press, 1992. ISBN 0-08-040502-9.
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Jaroslav Doležal; Jiří Šťastný; Jan Špetlík; Stanislav Bouček; Zbyněk Brettschneider. Jaderné a klasické elektrárny. Praha, 2011. ISBN 978-80-01-04936-5.
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Lindsley, David; Grist, John. Thermal Power Plant Control and Instrumentation: The control of boilers and HRSGs (Energy Engineering) 2nd Edition. The Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2018. ISBN 978-1785614194.
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Liu, Xingrang; Bansal, Ramesh. Thermal Power Plants, Modeling, Control, a Efficiency Improvement. United States: Taylor & Francis Inc, 2016. ISBN 9781498708227.
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Máslo, Karel; Vrba, Miroslav; Švejnar, Pavel; Haňka, Ladislav; Veleba, Jan; Chladová, Miloslava; Sadecký, Bohumil; Mach, Veleslav; Brettschneider, Zdeněk; Hruška, Zdeněk. Řízení a stabilita elektrizační soustavy. Praha, 2013. ISBN 978-80-260-44671-.
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Tůma, Jiří,; Martínek, Zbyněk,; Tesařová, Miloslava,; Chemišinec, Igor. Security, quality and reliability of electrical energy. Praha : Conte, 2007. ISBN 978-80-239-9056-0.
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