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Lecturer(s)
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Noháč Karel, Doc. Ing. Ph.D.
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Martínek Zbyněk, Doc. Ing. CSc.
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Tesařová Miloslava, Doc. Ing. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Lectures: 1. The topology of power plants electrical equipment. Electrical diagrams of conventional power plants, nuclear power plants and hydropower plants. Concepts of voltage levels, output of power and power own consumption. Practical examples of schemes, their operating characteristics, investment demands, reliability and security. 2. Specifications of practical electrical schemes and equipment of power plants, cogeneration units, PV and wind power plants operating to the distribution system. Separation of power plants own power consumption and its character for individual types of power plants. Division of own consumption power supply into groups and degrees. 3. Sources of own consumption of electricity, operational resources, backup, deceleration, emergency and security. Dimensioning the power of their own consumption, their minimum required short-circuit current on busbars, suitable refinement and control for the approach of large drives and automatical start of groups. 4. The nature of drives and other appliances in the power consumption of the power stations, torque characteristics of their own consumption equipment. Optimal parameter selection for drives, set start time, and warm-up control during start-up. 5. Critical voltage when driving drives. Effect of short power loss on drive dynamics and asynchronous motors protection. Specific situations for unbalanced power failure and power consumption, plus transformer configuration to limit asymmetry. 6. Turbo-alternators and hydroalternators of large block units, their specifics, cooling methods, basic measured characteristics and technical parameters. Mathematical model and phasor diagram of synchronous machine in steady state. Supplied power and alternator parameters in transients. 7. Alternator excitation systems and their key parameters. Independent and dependent excitation systems, rotary, static, ring and brushless alternator excitation systems. The concept of critical short-circuit transmission response for dependent exciter systems. 8. Alternator exciter shut down systems: Parallel resistors, exciter with extinguishing chamber, alternator exciter by inverter operation. Alternator power output conductor conception and encapsulated conductor design. 9. Alternator start and phasing methods, their limits, conditions and the automation system used. Compare the benefits between precision phasing and self-synchronization. Alternator's operations limit area in the active and reactive power plane, plus in the impedance plane. 10. Basic conditions and the criterion of stable power delivery by an alternator. Alternator operation under non-standard synchronous conditions and asynchronous operation of the alternator. Power system control, voltage regulation, frequency and transmitted power in connected transmission network. 11. The fundamentals of the reliability of power plants. The theory of renewable systems in electrical power engineering, the application of an approximate reliability solution of systems composed of two and more elements. Sensitivity analysis - determination of the total differential. Economic aspects of reliability. 12. Reliability of low voltage networks and power stations of power stations. Basic requirements and concepts of calculation. 13. Economic distribution of loads between power plants with respect to reliability and safety of operation - solution of loss system equation. Definitions of performance and outages, structure of performance balance. Practicum: 1. Drives in the power consumption of the power plants, torque characteristics of driven equipment, calculation of the required input power of the driven equipment. 2. Selection of electric motors, operating characteristics of asynchronous motors, choice of power and torque characteristics of motors. 3. Operation of the drives and their securing, steady operation, engine start-ups, deceleration or temporary loss of power, self-propulsion and restarting. ...
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecture, Practicum, Field trip
- Contact hours
- 62 hours per semester
- Preparation for comprehensive test (10-40)
- 18 hours per semester
- Attendance on a field trip (number of real hours - maximum 8h/day)
- 3 hours per semester
- Preparation for formative assessments (2-20)
- 8 hours per semester
- Preparation for an examination (30-60)
- 40 hours per semester
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| prerequisite |
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| Knowledge |
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| orient in electrical and mechanical diagrams |
| explain operation of electric power system according to zero point configuration |
| formulate the no load, on load and short circuit transformer operation |
| specify adverse effects and types of short circuits |
| Skills |
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| calculate the basic steady-state parameters of steady state in electromagnetic and mechanical systems |
| calculate voltage drop for single lines, lines with multiple loads, single-side and double sided supplied lines |
| determine the thermal efficiency of the power plant steam cycle according to steam i-s diagram |
| calculate transformer voltage drop |
| Competences |
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| N/A |
| N/A |
| learning outcomes |
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| Knowledge |
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| define alternator cooling methods |
| determine produced power of synchronous alternator and the stability of its operation |
| classify the exciter systems of the alternator |
| compare alternator start-up and phasing methods |
| define alternator operation area in the active and reactive power plane |
| determine operating conditions of synchronous generator asynchronous operation |
| explain basic principles of power system control, frequency and voltage regulation |
| describe basic theory principles of renewed systems in power engineering |
| understand basic principles of reliability and safety of LV networks |
| be familiar with ČSN IEC and respect it in reliability calculations |
| Skills |
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| design an electrical scheme of a power plant based on theoretical knowledge application |
| to divide power consumption of the power plant into groups and to calculate the necessary power of sources fot each group |
| determine start-up time of drives in power plant own consumption and check their warming |
| build basic equations and phasor diagram of synchronous generator in steady state |
| apply knowledge of reliability and safety on special practical cases from power engineering |
| handle with ČSN IEC standards respecting reliability and safety of Czech Republic power grid |
| Competences |
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| N/A |
| teaching methods |
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| Knowledge |
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| Lecture |
| Skills |
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| Field trip |
| Practicum |
| Competences |
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| Lecture |
| Practicum |
| assessment methods |
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| Knowledge |
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| Combined exam |
| Test |
| Skills |
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| Continuous assessment |
| Seminar work |
| Competences |
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| Combined exam |
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Recommended literature
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Beran, Miloš. Elektrická zařízení tepelných elektráren. 1. vyd. Plzeň : VŠSE, 1988.
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Grigsby, Leonard L. Electric power generation, transmission, and distribution. 3rd ed. Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2012. ISBN 978-1-4398-5628-4.
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Ibler, Zbyněk; Beran, Miloš. Elektrárny. 1. vyd. Plzeň : VŠSE, 1982.
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Jaroslav Doležal; Jiří Šťastný; Jan Špetlík; Stanislav Bouček; Zbyněk Brettschneider. Jaderné a klasické elektrárny. Praha, 2011. ISBN 978-80-01-04936-5.
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Máslo, Karel; Vrba, Miroslav; Švejnar, Pavel; Haňka, Ladislav; Veleba, Jan; Chladová, Miloslava; Sadecký, Bohumil; Mach, Veleslav; Brettschneider, Zdeněk; Hruška, Zdeněk. Řízení a stabilita elektrizační soustavy. Praha, 2013. ISBN 978-80-260-44671-.
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Tůma, Jiří,; Martínek, Zbyněk,; Tesařová, Miloslava,; Chemišinec, Igor. Security, quality and reliability of electrical energy. Praha : Conte, 2007. ISBN 978-80-239-9056-0.
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