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Lecturer(s)
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Vimmr Jan, Prof. Ing. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Course schedule (lectures and exercises), practical examples and their computer implementation will be solved during the exercises: 1) Review of basic concepts of fluid mechanics (basic equations of fluid dynamics - continuity equation, Navier-Stokes equation, energy equation), physical properties of fluids, heat transfer. 2) Fundamentals of turbulent flow - physical meaning of turbulence, turbulent flow modelling methods (RANS and turbulence models, fundamentals of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS)), boundary conditions for turbulent flow. 3) Fundamentals of numerical solution of fluid flow - basics of differential methods (order of accuracy, stability, convergence), principle of finite volume method. 4) Boundary layer modelling - numerical solution of laminar and turbulent boundary layer (boundary layer thickness, shear stress, friction coefficient) around a horizontal plate, importance of wall functions for velocity and temperature profiles. Numerical solution of the boundary layer in the wrap around of the road and rail vehicle body in ANSYS Fluent. 5) Body wrapping and aerodynamic drag of vehicles - definition of drag and lift forces, definition of friction and lift coefficients, numerical solution of drag and lift forces during vehicle body wrapping in ANSYS Fluent. 6) Basics of aeroacoustics - definition of vehicle aerodynamic noise, types of aerodynamic noise, noise sources and their localization, methods leading to minimization of noise sources in the vehicle. 7) Vehicle performance, power consumption and stability from an aerodynamic viewpoint - definition of the power required to overcome air resistance and roll, airflow under the vehicle, definition of downforce and its effect on vehicle stability. 8) Road vehicle aerodynamics - description of the flow around the body of a road vehicle, requirements for the shape of the body of a road vehicle in terms of aerodynamics, relevant legislation. 9) Aerodynamics of trucks, trailers and buses, relevant legislation. 10) Aerodynamics of rail vehicles - rolling stock drag, distribution of aerodynamic drag on vehicles in a train, effect of shape of individual vehicles on their aerodynamic drag, effect of ordering of vehicles in a train, aerodynamic drag of high-speed units, relevant legislation. 11) Aerodynamics of rail vehicles - requirements for rail vehicles in terms of aerodynamics, aerodynamic phenomena during tunnel passing of trains, pressure shocks during passing of trains, effect of pressure waves on persons along the railway, relevant legislation. 12) Basics of internal aerodynamics of vehicles - effect of vehicle accessories on their aerodynamics, cooling and air conditioning, crew comfort and ride comfort, relevant legislation. 13) Experimental aerodynamics - wind tunnel characteristics, wind tunnel measurements, excursions as possible.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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- Contact hours
- 65 hours per semester
- Graduate study programme term essay (40-50)
- 35 hours per semester
- Preparation for an examination (30-60)
- 35 hours per semester
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| prerequisite |
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| Knowledge |
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| be familiar with vector and matrix calculus |
| be familiar with differential and integral calculus |
| understand the basic concepts of fluid mechanics |
| understand the basic concepts of engineering mechanics (statics, kinematics and dynamics of a mass point and rigid body) |
| Skills |
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| describe and solve specific differential and integral calculus problems with applications in physics |
| describe and solve basic types of ordinary and partial differential equations with applications in physics |
| describe and solve elementary problems in fluid mechanics |
| describe and solve elementary problems in statics, kinematics and dynamics of a mass point and rigid body |
| Competences |
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| N/A |
| N/A |
| N/A |
| N/A |
| learning outcomes |
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| Knowledge |
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| know the basic principles of modelling of external and internal aerodynamics of transport vehicles (road and rail vehicles) including the relevant legislation |
| have a basic understanding of turbulent flow modelling and the modelling and numerical solution of the boundary layer in the wrap around of the vehicle body using the ANSYS Fluent computing system |
| Skills |
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| be able to express the aerodynamic drag of vehicles |
| be able to define the flow around vehicles at low and high speeds |
| be able to create simplified computational models of vehicles and solve them numerically using the ANSYS Fluent computing system |
| be able to analyse the basic aerodynamic properties of simplified computational models of vehicles |
| Competences |
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| N/A |
| N/A |
| N/A |
| teaching methods |
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| Knowledge |
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| Lecture |
| Practicum |
| Self-study of literature |
| Skills |
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| Interactive lecture |
| Practicum |
| Task-based study method |
| Individual study |
| Competences |
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| Practicum |
| Skills demonstration |
| assessment methods |
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| Knowledge |
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| Seminar work |
| Combined exam |
| Skills |
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| Seminar work |
| Competences |
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| Combined exam |
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Recommended literature
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DVOŘÁK, R. - KOZEL, K. Matematické modelování v aerodynamice. 1. vyd. Vydavatelství ČVUT, Praha, 1996. ISBN 80-01-01541-6.
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SPURK, J.H. Fluid mechanics. [1st ed.]. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1997. ISBN 3-540-61651-9.
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T. Yomi Obidi. Theory and Applications of Aerodynamics for Ground Vehicles. SAE International. 2014.
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Thomas Christian Schuetz (editor). Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles, Fifth Edition. SAE International. 2016.
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